I could see $3-10k plus in this really easily, having someone else do the work. If you can afford that, you can also afford a turn-key diesel too. Not to dissuade, but personally I couldn't even *think* about having someone repower one of my cars.
Trip, if you are interested in the LD20IIT, a fellow with the handle of "mrzxmiles" that has posted in another place, that
he has put an LD20IIT into a 4x4. Don't blame me if that URL doesn't work, MSN can't keep their URLs straight for two months at a time. I think he lives in the San Diego area. Right now, he's driving it through South America, I think, so don't expect lightning email response, but he's a resource you may be able to tap.
Let's talk transmissions. AFAICT, the SD2x never was supplied with an AT, in the US or anywhere else, though "anywhere else" encompasses a lot of unknown territory. For automotive use, you can only bolt it up to one manual transmission, and that's the one that came behind it in the 720 PU, and it's the FS5W71. It should fit just fine in the 510 Wagon. Some fabrication wil be required of course. With enough money, you can have a bellhousing adapter machined to mate the SD block to anything you want, but add $1500-plus for that.
If you want to use the SD2x and want an AT, there's a loophole. The SD2x didn't come with an AT, but its big brother the SD33(T) did, from 1976-80 in a couple of International Harvester vehicles, primarily the Scout (but also the Traveller and Terra models, I believe). This transmission is a Chrysler 727 (or maybe a 904, I don't know) three-speed with no overdrive and no lockup torque converter, so it's going to be a pig, but it is the only AT option that is a bolt-up to the SD block AFAIK.
Now, if you can find an LD20, you have a lot more choices available. Any trans that will bolt up the L-series engine should work behind the LD20, and at least three automatic trans' as well (Jatco 3N71B, L3N71B, L4N71B).
The 510 was available with a Borg Warner Type 35 AT (I had a '71 Wagon with one, and I loved it), but that is a much smaller trans than the Jatco units. Tunnel mods are probably necessary to get one of them to fit.
However, you may be able to bolt the LD20 up to the BW 35. No OD and no lockup again, but also no tunnel mods and no rear crossmember fabrication (and no custom speedo cable, no mod to the parking brake system, etc.).
Anyway, some thoughts off the top of my head, FWIW.